Archive:000/Minerals/table - Revision history

Elie: Elie moved page Minerals/table to Archive:000/Minerals/table without leaving a redirect: Huge_refactor

2024-10-26T20:29:51Z

Elie moved page Minerals/table to Archive:000/Minerals/table without leaving a redirect: Huge_refactor

← Older revision	Revision as of 16:29, 26 October 2024
(No difference)

Elie at 03:29, 12 May 2023

2023-05-12T03:29:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:29, 11 May 2023
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			<!--
			TALK: refactor maybe: instead of footnotes+popups, make it all popups; distinguish using {{p2\|(note)\|...}} and {{p2\|(cite)\|...}}
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	{\|class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"		{\|class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"
	\|{{p\|- Sources cited in table headings are the ''default'' sources, cited unless otherwise specified.<br />- Table text is right-justified to make it easier to compare numbers visually.}}		\|{{p\|- Sources cited in table headings are the ''default'' sources, cited unless otherwise specified.<br />- Table text is right-justified to make it easier to compare numbers visually.}}

Elie at 03:26, 12 May 2023

2023-05-12T03:26:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:26, 11 May 2023
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	\|48		\|48
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	\|		\|<ref>
			Estimated from Alberta oil sands (Canada):
			<q>...140,000 km<sup>2</sup> oil sands deposit in Northern Alberta...</q>
			<q>Using currently available technology and under the current economic conditions, there are 165 billion barrels of remaining established reserves in the oil sands deposits of Northern Alberta.</q>
			<cite>Oil sands 101 - Alberta.ca - https://www.alberta.ca/oil-sands-101.aspx</cite>
			</ref> : 6
	\|<ref name="oil">Feb 17, 2023 - World Oil Statistics - Worldometer - https://www.worldometers.info/oil/</ref> : 5,064,140,000		\|<ref name="oil">Feb 17, 2023 - World Oil Statistics - Worldometer - https://www.worldometers.info/oil/</ref> : 5,064,140,000
	\|<ref name="oil" /> : 235,838,240,000		\|<ref name="oil" /> : 235,838,240,000

Elie at 03:00, 12 May 2023

2023-05-12T03:00:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:00, 11 May 2023
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	\|5,724		\|5,724
	\|		\|
	\|		\|{{p\|Alternative estimate: 407 m^2/tonne, from <q>The high-altitude basin contains around 40 per cent of the world's lithium reserves in about 3000 square kilometres.</q> - <cite>New Scientist - Drought, not lithium mining, is drying out Chile's largest salt flat - https://www.newscientist.com/article/2345815-drought-not-lithium-mining-is-drying-out-chiles-largest-salt-flat/</cite>}}<ref><q>The most accessible and easy to extract resource only contains 1.9 Mt of lithium, spread out over 1,100 square kilometers of the salt body.</q> - <cite>TheDialogue - Energy Advisor - Is Chile Losing Ground to Other Lithium Producers? - https://www.thedialogue.org/analysis/is-chile-losing-ground-to-other-lithium-producers/</cite></ref> : 58
	\|130,000		\|130,000
	\|26,000,000		\|26,000,000

Elie at 07:42, 22 February 2023

2023-02-22T07:42:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:42, 22 February 2023
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	\|{{p\|<q>Production and reserves are associated with the recovery of monazite in heavy-mineral-sand deposits. Without demand for the rare earths, monazite likely would not be recovered for its thorium content under current market conditions.</q>}}		\|{{p\|<q>Production and reserves are associated with the recovery of monazite in heavy-mineral-sand deposits. Without demand for the rare earths, monazite likely would not be recovered for its thorium content under current market conditions.</q>}}
	\|6,400,000		\|6,400,000
	\|{{p\|Additional thorium resources could maybe be obtained from ordinary dirt, but we don't know yet whether this would really be [[Term:viable\|viable]]: The labor/energy/land intensity of this option is still unknown.{{rn}} Average soil concentration of thorium is (6 ppm).<ref>Toxicological Profile for Thorium - https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp147-c5.pdf</ref>}}		\|{{p\|If [[breeder reactors]] succeed as a technology, thorium could offer a lot more [[energy]] than it takes to mine it.<br /><br />Additional thorium resources could maybe be obtained from ordinary dirt, but we don't know yet whether this would really be [[Term:viable\|viable]]: The labor/energy/land intensity of this option is still unknown.{{rn}} Average soil concentration of thorium is (6 ppm).<ref>Toxicological Profile for Thorium - https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp147-c5.pdf</ref>}}
	\|-		\|-
	\|Uranium (U)		\|Uranium (U)

Elie at 07:36, 22 February 2023

2023-02-22T07:36:58Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:36, 22 February 2023
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	\|{{p\|<q>Production and reserves are associated with the recovery of monazite in heavy-mineral-sand deposits. Without demand for the rare earths, monazite likely would not be recovered for its thorium content under current market conditions.</q>}}		\|{{p\|<q>Production and reserves are associated with the recovery of monazite in heavy-mineral-sand deposits. Without demand for the rare earths, monazite likely would not be recovered for its thorium content under current market conditions.</q>}}
	\|6,400,000		\|6,400,000
	\|{{p\|Additional thorium resources could maybe be obtained from ordinary dirt, but we don't know if this would really be [[Term:viable\|viable]] ~~or not~~: The labor/energy/land intensity is still unknown.{{rn}} Average soil concentration of thorium is (6 ppm).<ref>Toxicological Profile for Thorium - https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp147-c5.pdf</ref>}}		\|{{p\|Additional thorium resources could maybe be obtained from ordinary dirt, but we don't know yet whether this would really be [[Term:viable\|viable]]: The labor/energy/land intensity of this option is still unknown.{{rn}} Average soil concentration of thorium is (6 ppm).<ref>Toxicological Profile for Thorium - https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp147-c5.pdf</ref>}}
	\|-		\|-
	\|Uranium (U)		\|Uranium (U)
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	\|		\|
	\|<ref>Uranium 2020: Resources, Production and Demand ('Red Book') <q>The total recoverable identified resources to $260/kg U is 8.070 million tonnes U.</q></ref> : 8,070,000		\|<ref>Uranium 2020: Resources, Production and Demand ('Red Book') <q>The total recoverable identified resources to $260/kg U is 8.070 million tonnes U.</q></ref> : 8,070,000
	\|{{p\|The energy ''density'' of uranium is ~~much higher, at~~ 574699 GJ/tonne for conventional nuclear reactors, and 82099829 GJ/tonne as a theoretical maximum for [[breeder reactors]].<br /><br />Uranium occurs in nature as a mix of two isotopes: U235 (0.7%) and U238 (99.3%). Conventional nuclear reactors can only make use of the U235 component.}}		\|{{p\|Uranium offers a lot more [[energy]] than it takes to mine it. The energy ''density'' of uranium is 574699 GJ/tonne for conventional nuclear reactors, and 82099829 GJ/tonne as a theoretical maximum for [[breeder reactors]].<br /><br />Uranium occurs in nature as a mix of two isotopes: U235 (0.7%) and U238 (99.3%). Conventional nuclear reactors can only make use of the U235 component.}}
	\|}		\|}

	<references />		<references />

Elie: Added thorium note

2023-02-22T07:20:43Z

Added thorium note

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:20, 22 February 2023
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	\|{{p\|<q>Production and reserves are associated with the recovery of monazite in heavy-mineral-sand deposits. Without demand for the rare earths, monazite likely would not be recovered for its thorium content under current market conditions.</q>}}		\|{{p\|<q>Production and reserves are associated with the recovery of monazite in heavy-mineral-sand deposits. Without demand for the rare earths, monazite likely would not be recovered for its thorium content under current market conditions.</q>}}
	\|6,400,000		\|6,400,000
	\|		\|{{p\|Additional thorium resources could maybe be obtained from ordinary dirt, but we don't know if this would really be [[Term:viable\|viable]] or not: The labor/energy/land intensity is still unknown.{{rn}} Average soil concentration of thorium is (6 ppm).<ref>Toxicological Profile for Thorium - https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp147-c5.pdf</ref>}}
	\|-		\|-
	\|Uranium (U)		\|Uranium (U)

Elie at 07:08, 22 February 2023

2023-02-22T07:08:38Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:08, 22 February 2023
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	!Energy<br />intensity<br /><small>(GJ/tonne)</small>		!Energy<br />intensity<br /><small>(GJ/tonne)</small>
	!Land<br />intensity<br /><small>(m<sup>2</sup>/tonne)</small>		!Land<br />intensity<br /><small>(m<sup>2</sup>/tonne)</small>
	!Global<br />production<ref name="mcs2023">Mineral Commodity Summaries 2023: U.S. Geological Survey, ISSN: 0076-8952 (print), https://doi.org/10.3133/mcs2023 - https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2023/mcs2023.pdf</ref~~><!--{{p\|source cited, unless otherwise specified}}--~~><br /><small>(tonnes/year)</small>		!Global<br />production<ref name="mcs2023">Mineral Commodity Summaries 2023: U.S. Geological Survey, ISSN: 0076-8952 (print), https://doi.org/10.3133/mcs2023 - https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2023/mcs2023.pdf</ref><br /><small>(tonnes/year)</small>
	!Global<br />reserves<ref name="mcs2023" /><br /><small>(tonnes)</small>		!Global<br />reserves<ref name="mcs2023" /><br /><small>(tonnes)</small>
	!Global<br />resources<ref name="mcs2023" /><br /><small>(tonnes)</small>		!Global<br />resources<ref name="mcs2023" /><br /><small>(tonnes)</small>
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	\|-		\|-
	\|Cobalt (Co)		\|Cobalt (Co)
	\|{{p\|~~Actual labor intensity is probably higher than~~ this, because most cobalt comes from the Congo where wages are much lower than the "$4/hour average wage" used in estimating labor from mineral prices.}} : 2,~~974~~		\|<ref>Estimated as follows:{{dp\|congo.cobalt_miners\|255000\|Number of people working in cobalt mines in the Congo\|[https://www.wilsoncenter.org/blog-post/drc-mining-industry-child-labor-and-formalization-small-scale-mining The DRC Mining Industry: Child Labor and Formalization of ...]<br /><q>Of the 255,000 Congolese mining for cobalt, 40,000 are children, some as young as six years.</q>}}{{dp\|congo.cobalt_production\|130000 tonnes/year\|Amount of cobalt produced from mining in the Congo\|Mineral Commodity Summaries 2023}}{{dp\|full_time\|40 hours/week\|\|Due to lack of better data, we just have to we assume that the average miner works this many hours. Some maybe work more, some maybe work less.}}{{calc\|congo.cobalt_miners * full_time / congo.cobalt_production\|hours/tonne}}The Democratic Republic of Congo produces most of the world's cobalt, so it's reasonable to use this country for the calculation.</ref>{{p\|If this was instead estimated the 'default' way (from mineral prices), it would be 2,974 hours/tonne. But that's likely an underestimate because most cobalt comes from the Congo where wages are much lower than the "$4/hour average wage" used in estimating labor from mineral prices.}} : 4,094
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Elie at 03:44, 18 February 2023

2023-02-18T03:44:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:44, 17 February 2023
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	\|-		\|-
	\|Cobalt (Co)		\|Cobalt (Co)
	\|{{p\|Actual labor intensity is probably higher than this, because most cobalt comes from the Congo where wages are much lower than the "$4/hour average wage" used in estimating from mineral prices.}} : 2,974		\|{{p\|Actual labor intensity is probably higher than this, because most cobalt comes from the Congo where wages are much lower than the "$4/hour average wage" used in estimating labor from mineral prices.}} : 2,974
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Elie at 03:32, 18 February 2023

2023-02-18T03:32:42Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:32, 17 February 2023
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	\|-		\|-
	!Mineral		!Mineral
	!Labor<br />intensity<ref>Estimated from the market prices of minerals (unless otherwise specified) (www.dailymetalprice.com - Feb 17, 2023), using ''very'' simplified assumptions: global average wages of $4/hour; wages account for 1/3 of the mineral's market price. These assumptions are far from perfect, so if you know of more accurate data on the labor-intensity of any mineral, please post it in the {{talk}} and we can fit it in the table.</ref><br /><small>(hours/tonne)</small>		!Labor<br />intensity<ref>Estimated from the market prices of minerals (unless otherwise specified) (www.dailymetalprice.com - Feb 17, 2023 - although ideally it would be better to use prices ''averaged'' over a year or two), using ''very'' simplified assumptions: global average wages of $4/hour; wages account for 1/3 of the mineral's market price. These assumptions are far from perfect, so if you know of more accurate data on the labor-intensity of any mineral, please post it in the {{talk}} and we can fit it in the table.</ref><br /><small>(hours/tonne)</small>
	!Energy<br />intensity<br /><small>(GJ/tonne)</small>		!Energy<br />intensity<br /><small>(GJ/tonne)</small>
	!Land<br />intensity<br /><small>(m<sup>2</sup>/tonne)</small>		!Land<br />intensity<br /><small>(m<sup>2</sup>/tonne)</small>
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	\|		\|
	\|{{p\|<q>Global resources of bauxite are estimated to be between 55 billion and 75 billion (metric) tons and are sufficient to meet world demand for metal well into the future.</q> ... <q>As a general rule, 4 tons of dried bauxite is required to produce 2 tons of alumina, which, in turn, can be used to produce 1 ton of aluminum.</q>}} : 16,000,000,000		\|{{p\|<q>Global resources of bauxite are estimated to be between 55 billion and 75 billion (metric) tons and are sufficient to meet world demand for metal well into the future.</q> ... <q>As a general rule, 4 tons of dried bauxite is required to produce 2 tons of alumina, which, in turn, can be used to produce 1 ton of aluminum.</q>}} : 16,000,000,000
	\|		\|<!--
	\|		\|
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	\|{{p\|In 2022, aluminum recovered from purchased scrap in the United States was about 3.4 million tons, of which about 56% came from new (manufacturing) scrap and 44% from old scrap (discarded aluminum products). Aluminum recovered from old scrap was equivalent to about 29% of apparent consumption.}}		\|{{p\|In 2022, aluminum recovered from purchased scrap in the United States was about 3.4 million tons, of which about 56% came from new (manufacturing) scrap and 44% from old scrap (discarded aluminum products). Aluminum recovered from old scrap was equivalent to about 29% of apparent consumption.}}
	\|		\|-->
	\|-		\|-
	\|Cement		\|Cement
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	\|8,300,000		\|8,300,000
	\|25,000,000		\|25,000,000
	\|		\|<ref>Life cycle assessment of cobalt extraction process - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsm.2019.03.002 - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2300396018301836</ref>{{p\|<q>Particles emitted during cobalt mining consists radioactive emissions, cancer-causing particles, and particles which may cause vision problems, vomiting and nausea, heart problems, and Thyroid damage. Cobalt is an important gamma-ray source which is used as a radio therapeutic agent for cancer treatment (Baskar, Lee, Yeo, & Yeoh, 2012).</q>}}
	\|-		\|-
	\|Copper (Cu)		\|Copper (Cu)
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	\|<ref>Material and energy flows of the iron and steel industry - ScienceDirect - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030626192030458X</ref>{{p\|per steel production}} : 20		\|<ref>Material and energy flows of the iron and steel industry - ScienceDirect - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030626192030458X</ref>{{p\|per steel production}} : 20
	\|		\|
	\|1,~~300~~,000,000		\|1,600,000,000
	\|		\|85,000,000,000
	\|		\|230,000,000,000
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
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	\|-		\|-
	\|Oil		\|Oil
	\|		\|48
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