Archive:000/Minerals/table: Difference between revisions
< Archive:000 | Minerals
(Condensed/defaulted references to MCS2023) |
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|Aluminium (Al) | |Aluminium (Al) | ||
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| | |<ref>Aluminum Production - an overview - ScienceDirect Topics - www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/aluminum-production</ref>: 61 | ||
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|69,000,000 | |69,000,000 | ||
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| | |{{p|Cement also has non-energy-related CO<sub>2</sub> emissions:<br />0.81 tonnes CO<sub>2</sub> per tonne cement.<br /><br />Also note that ''concrete'' is about 15% cement by mass; the rest is sand, rocks, and steel rebar.}} | ||
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|Chromium (Cr) | |Chromium (Cr) | ||
| Line 60: | Line 60: | ||
|Copper (Cu) | |Copper (Cu) | ||
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| | |<ref>Energy efficiency - Energy intensity in copper and gold mining - https://www.at-minerals.com/en/artikel/at_-3001684.html</ref>: 12 | ||
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|22,000,000 | |22,000,000 | ||
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|Iron (Fe) | |Iron (Fe) | ||
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| | |<ref>Material and energy flows of the iron and steel industry - ScienceDirect - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030626192030458X</ref>{{p|per steel production}}: 20 | ||
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|1,300,000,000 | |1,300,000,000 | ||
Revision as of 07:53, 16 February 2023
| Mining | Recycling | ||||||||||
| Mineral | Labor intensity (hours/tonne) |
Energy intensity (GJ/tonne) |
Land intensity (m2/tonne) |
Global production[1] (tonnes/year) |
Global reserves[1] (tonnes) |
Global resources[1] (tonnes) |
Note | Labor intensity (hours/tonne) |
Energy intensity (GJ/tonne) |
Global production[1] (tonnes/year) |
Global presence (tonnes) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminium (Al) | [2]: 61 | 69,000,000 | 16,000,000,000 | ||||||||
| Cement | 4,100,000,000 | ||||||||||
| Chromium (Cr) | 41,000,000 | 560,000,000 | |||||||||
| Cobalt (Co) | 190,000 | 8,300,000 | 25,000,000 | ||||||||
| Copper (Cu) | [3]: 12 | 22,000,000 | 890,000,000 | 3,000,000,000 | |||||||
| Gold (Au) | 3,100 | 52,000 | 33,000 | ||||||||
| Graphite (C) | 1,300,000 | 330,000,000 | 800,000,000 | ||||||||
| Iron (Fe) | [4]: 20 | 1,300,000,000 | |||||||||
| Lead (Pb) | 4,500,000 | 85,000,000 | 2,000,000,000 | ||||||||
| Lithium (Li) | 130,000 | 26,000,000 | 98,000,000 | ||||||||
| Nickel (Ni) | 3,300,000 | 100,000,000 | 300,000,000 | ||||||||
| PGMs | 400 | 70,000 | 100,000 | ||||||||
| Salt (NaCl) | 290,000,000 | ||||||||||
| Sand | 380,000,000 | ||||||||||
| Silver (Ag) | 26,000 | 550,000 | |||||||||
| Thorium (Th) | 6,400,000 | ||||||||||
| Uranium (U) | [5]: 8,070,000 | ||||||||||
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Mineral Commodity Summaries 2023: U.S. Geological Survey, ISSN: 0076-8952 (print), https://doi.org/10.3133/mcs2023 - https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2023/mcs2023.pdf
- ↑ Aluminum Production - an overview - ScienceDirect Topics - www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/aluminum-production
- ↑ Energy efficiency - Energy intensity in copper and gold mining - https://www.at-minerals.com/en/artikel/at_-3001684.html
- ↑ Material and energy flows of the iron and steel industry - ScienceDirect - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030626192030458X
- ↑ Uranium 2020: Resources, Production and Demand ('Red Book')
The total recoverable identified resources to $260/kg U is 8.070 million tonnes U.