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==Manufacturing the vehicles== | ==Manufacturing the vehicles== | ||
Producing batteries is energy-intensive. That's one reason why electric vehicles are more expensive. | Producing batteries is energy-intensive. That's one reason why electric vehicles are more expensive. | ||
Quick estimate based on data on lithium-ion batteries: | |||
{{dp | {{dp | ||
|<nowiki>li_ion.rq_energy</nowiki> | |<nowiki>li_ion.rq_energy</nowiki> | ||
|<nowiki>57 kWh per kWh</nowiki> | |<nowiki>57 kWh per kWh</nowiki> | ||
|<nowiki>Energy required to manufacture a lithium-ion battery</nowiki> | |<nowiki>Energy required to manufacture a lithium-ion battery</nowiki> | ||
|<nowiki>"Based on public data on two different Li-ion battery manufacturing facilities, and adjusted results from a previous study, the most reasonable assumptions for the energy usage for manufacturing Li-ion battery cells appears to be 50–65 kWh of electricity per kWh of battery capacity."</nowiki><br /><nowiki> | |<nowiki>Factory energy only. DOES NOT include the energy involved in mining the materials.</nowiki><br /><br /><nowiki> | ||
"Based on public data on two different Li-ion battery manufacturing facilities, and adjusted results from a previous study, the most reasonable assumptions for the energy usage for manufacturing Li-ion battery cells appears to be 50–65 kWh of electricity per kWh of battery capacity."</nowiki><br /><nowiki> | |||
Source:</nowiki><br /><nowiki> | Source:</nowiki><br /><nowiki> | ||
Energy use for GWh-scale lithium-ion battery production</nowiki><br /><nowiki> | Energy use for GWh-scale lithium-ion battery production</nowiki><br /><nowiki> |